{ "schema_id": "scenic_spot_schema_v0_3", "schema_name": "通用景区知识图谱 Schema v0.3", "status": "draft_for_extraction_test", "target_coverage": "覆盖百度百科/高德 POI/人工材料中约 80% 的通用景区知识，差异化景区通过 SchemaGap 后续扩展", "principles": [ "稳定高频事实作为节点属性，例如地址、开放时间、门票、等级、建议游玩时长、经纬度、来源 URL、照片 URL", "实体之间的语义联系作为关系，例如景区位于区域、包含景点、关联历史事件、关联人物、附近景点、附近交通", "不稳定、长尾、争议或新字段先进入 Statement/Attribute，经过审核后再决定是否升级为正式字段或关系", "普通展示照片回填到最具体实体的 photo_urls/cover_image_url；导游图、导览图、线路图、全景图等功能型媒体作为 MediaAsset 独立保存 media_role，并挂到景区主体的 guide_map_urls/route_map_urls/panorama_urls", "所有抽取结果必须带 evidence_quote、source_name、source_url、source_section、confidence，方便人工复核和溯源", "空间能力不放在自然语言抽取里临时生成，必须在入图时统一写入 lat/lng/adcode/h3_r6-h3_r10/GeoCell 关系", "Event 使用统一 Event 节点，必须同时保存 event_category/event_subtype/event_type/start_time_norm/end_time_norm/date_granularity；event_type 仅兼容旧系统，查询优先使用分类和时间字段" ], "node_types": { "ScenicArea": { "description": "景区/旅游目的地主体，例如花溪公园、梵净山、青岩古镇、遵义会议会址", "required": ["entity_id", "name", "entity_type", "source_name", "source_url"], "properties": [ "entity_id", "name", "canonical_name", "aliases", "foreign_name", "entity_type", "scenic_category", "scenic_level", "description", "reputation", "country", "province", "city", "district", "address", "location_text", "lng", "lat", "adcode", "h3_r6", "h3_r7", "h3_r8", "h3_r9", "h3_r10", "climate", "area_size", "altitude", "terrain", "water_system", "opening_hours", "ticket_price", "suggested_duration", "best_season", "famous_spots_text", "nearby_attractions_text", "service_features", "cover_image_url", "photo_urls", "guide_map_urls", "route_map_urls", "panorama_urls", "source_name", "source_url", "crawl_time", "last_updated", "confidence", "review_status" ] }, "Attraction": { "description": "景区内部可游览、可搜索或可作为路径端点的景点节点，例如百步桥、麟山、金顶、蘑菇石、大门、码头、观景台。自然景观、文化点、入口等都通过 category/spot_type 区分，路径 from/to 统一指向 Attraction", "required": ["entity_id", "name", "parent_name", "source_name", "source_url"], "properties": [ "entity_id", "name", "aliases", "parent_name", "category", "spot_type", "description", "location_text", "lng", "lat", "open_time", "close_time", "ticket_note", "extra_ticket_fen", "extra_ticket_text", "ticket_included", "visit_duration_min", "is_active", "story", "source_name", "source_url", "source_section", "cover_image_url", "photo_urls", "evidence_quote", "confidence", "review_status" ] }, "Area": { "description": "行政区或地理区域，例如贵州省、贵阳市、花溪区、江口县", "properties": ["entity_id", "name", "area_level", "adcode", "parent_area", "lng", "lat", "source_name", "source_url"] }, "Facility": { "description": "旅游服务与基础设施，例如游客中心、停车场、售票处、厕所、摆渡车。游客会作为景点游览或路径端点的桥、亭、山、洲、湖、旧居、纪念墓、入口和码头优先归为 Attraction", "properties": ["entity_id", "name", "facility_type", "description", "lng", "lat", "source_name", "source_url", "cover_image_url", "photo_urls", "confidence"] }, "TransitFacility": { "description": "景区周边交通设施，例如公交站、地铁站、火车站、客运站、停车场入口", "properties": ["entity_id", "name", "transit_type", "line_names", "distance_text", "lng", "lat", "source_name", "source_url", "confidence"] }, "Specialty": { "description": "地方风味、小吃、特产或体验项目，例如丝娃娃、洋芋粑、凉粉、凉面。用于回答景区附近有什么特色吃的", "properties": ["entity_id", "name", "specialty_type", "description", "source_name", "source_url", "source_section", "evidence_quote", "confidence"] }, "BusLine": { "description": "公交、中巴、大巴、地铁等公共交通线路，例如90路、89路、109路、201路。入图前优先与现有公交图谱 BusLine 按线路名和城市对齐", "properties": ["line_id", "name", "line_name", "line_type", "origin_name", "destination_name", "stop_names", "source_name", "source_url", "source_section", "confidence"] }, "Person": { "description": "与景区历史、文化、建设、游历相关的人物", "properties": ["entity_id", "name", "person_type", "description", "source_name", "source_url", "evidence_quote", "confidence"] }, "Organization": { "description": "管理单位、建设单位、保护机构、旅游公司、宗教组织等", "properties": ["entity_id", "name", "org_type", "description", "source_name", "source_url", "confidence"] }, "Event": { "description": "景区相关历史、荣誉、文化、自然、运营、交通事件。统一用 Event 节点承载，event_category 用于聚合，event_subtype 用于精准查询，details 保存子类专属字段", "required": ["event_id", "name", "event_category", "event_subtype", "occurred_at_text", "source_name", "source_url"], "properties": [ "event_id", "name", "event_category", "event_subtype", "event_type", "occurred_at_text", "occurred_at_norm", "start_time_norm", "end_time_norm", "date_granularity", "dynasty", "century", "description", "location_name", "participants", "details", "source_name", "source_url", "source_section", "evidence_quote", "confidence", "review_status" ] }, "Concept": { "description": "可用于检索、推荐和解释的主题概念，例如历史文化、夜游、自然生态、喀斯特地貌、红色旅游、亲子游", "properties": ["concept_id", "name", "concept_type", "description", "source_name", "source_url", "evidence_quote", "confidence"] }, "RouteTemplate": { "description": "景区内部游览路线或人工策划玩法。百科交通线路不要硬造 RouteTemplate/乘车点，应抽明确线路为 BusLine 并用 ACCESSIBLE_BY 关联景区", "properties": ["route_id", "name", "route_type", "description", "origin_names", "destination_name", "line_names", "fare_text", "duration_text", "road_names", "stops", "source_name", "source_url", "source_section", "evidence_quote", "confidence"] }, "TransportMode": { "description": "景区内部到达方式字典，例如步行、观光车、摆渡船、索道、景区电梯。用于统一图标、默认是否免费和查询筛选", "properties": ["mode_id", "code", "name", "icon", "typical_is_free", "description", "is_active"] }, "RouteSegment": { "description": "景区内部固定通行路段，例如从大门到百步桥、从百步桥到东舍。保存到达方式、时间、费用、季节性和实测来源，用于游客问答和路径规划，不全量两两生成", "properties": ["segment_id", "name", "scenic_area_id", "from_entity_id", "to_entity_id", "transport_mode", "transport_mode_id", "duration_min", "duration_max", "duration_text", "distance_m", "cost_fen", "cost_text", "cost_in_ticket", "is_bidirectional", "season_start", "season_end", "weather_restrict", "sort_order", "route_steps", "route_geometry", "difficulty", "accessibility_note", "verified_by", "verified_at", "source_type", "source_name", "source_url", "source_section", "evidence_quote", "confidence", "review_status", "is_active"] }, "PathSchedule": { "description": "观光车、摆渡船、索道等非步行路径的班次或开放时段。步行路径通常不需要班次节点", "properties": ["schedule_id", "path_id", "schedule_type", "interval_min", "first_at", "last_at", "capacity", "season_start", "season_end", "note", "source_name", "source_url", "confidence", "is_active"] }, "MediaAsset": { "description": "图片、视频或页面媒体资源。媒体不是景点实体本身，必须通过 owner_entity_id/HAS_MEDIA 挂到最具体实体；景点照片不能默认挂到景区主体", "properties": ["media_id", "url", "media_type", "media_role", "caption", "owner_entity_id", "source_name", "source_url", "source_section", "crawl_time", "confidence"] }, "SourceDocument": { "description": "来源文档或网页，用于整体溯源", "properties": ["source_id", "source_name", "source_url", "title", "crawl_time", "content_hash", "publisher"] }, "Statement": { "description": "候选事实层，承接长尾属性、待审核事实和 SchemaGap", "properties": [ "statement_id", "subject_id", "predicate", "object_id", "object_value", "object_type", "source_name", "source_url", "source_section", "evidence_quote", "confidence", "review_status" ] } }, "relation_types": { "LOCATED_IN": {"source": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction", "Facility", "TransitFacility"], "target": ["Area", "ScenicArea"], "description": "实体位于行政区、片区或景区内部"}, "PART_OF": {"source": ["Attraction", "Facility"], "target": ["ScenicArea"], "description": "景点或设施属于某景区"}, "HAS_PART": {"source": ["ScenicArea"], "target": ["Attraction", "Facility"], "description": "景区包含景点、入口、自然景观、文化点、官方服务点或设施"}, "HAS_NATURAL_FEATURE": {"source": ["ScenicArea"], "target": ["Attraction"], "description": "景区具有自然地理景观，目标 Attraction.category=natural_feature"}, "HAS_CULTURAL_SITE": {"source": ["ScenicArea"], "target": ["Attraction"], "description": "景区具有文化/历史/宗教/纪念类点位，目标 Attraction.category=cultural_site"}, "HAS_FACILITY": {"source": ["ScenicArea"], "target": ["Facility"], "description": "景区具有服务设施或基础设施"}, "HAS_EVENT": {"source": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction", "Person", "Organization"], "target": ["Event"], "description": "主体关联某事件"}, "EVENT_AT": {"source": ["Event"], "target": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction", "Area"], "description": "事件发生于某地点"}, "INVOLVES": {"source": ["Event"], "target": ["Person", "Organization", "ScenicArea"], "description": "事件涉及人物、组织或景区"}, "PARTICIPATED_IN": {"source": ["Person", "Organization"], "target": ["Event"], "description": "人物或组织参与某事件，常用于名人到访、建设、节庆、保护、影视取景"}, "AWARDED_BY": {"source": ["Event"], "target": ["Organization"], "description": "荣誉/评级/文保认定事件由某机构颁发或公布"}, "ORGANIZED_BY": {"source": ["Event"], "target": ["Organization"], "description": "节庆、演艺、展览等文化事件由某组织举办"}, "PRECEDED": {"source": ["Event"], "target": ["Event"], "description": "事件发生时间早于另一事件，用于历史时间线和流程查询"}, "PART_OF_EVENT": {"source": ["Event"], "target": ["Event"], "description": "子事件属于大型事件或阶段性事件"}, "ASSOCIATED_WITH_PERSON": {"source": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction", "Event"], "target": ["Person"], "description": "景区/景点/事件与人物存在到访、题词、建设、纪念等关联"}, "MANAGED_BY": {"source": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction"], "target": ["Organization"], "description": "景区由某组织管理或运营"}, "HAS_CONCEPT": {"source": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction", "Event"], "target": ["Concept"], "description": "主体具有某主题概念"}, "HAS_ROUTE": {"source": ["ScenicArea"], "target": ["RouteTemplate"], "description": "景区有内部游览路线或人工策划玩法"}, "ROUTE_STARTS_AT": {"source": ["RouteTemplate"], "target": ["TransitFacility", "Area"], "description": "路线从某乘车点、站点或区域出发"}, "ROUTE_ENDS_AT": {"source": ["RouteTemplate"], "target": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction"], "description": "路线到达某景区或景点"}, "ROUTE_USES_LINE": {"source": ["RouteTemplate"], "target": ["BusLine"], "description": "路线可使用某公交/中巴/大巴/地铁线路"}, "ACCESSIBLE_BY": {"source": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction"], "target": ["BusLine"], "description": "景区可由某公交/中巴/大巴线路经过或到达，需与既有 BusLine 实体对齐"}, "STOPS_AT": {"source": ["BusLine"], "target": ["TransitFacility"], "description": "交通线路停靠某站点"}, "NEARBY_ATTRACTION": {"source": ["ScenicArea"], "target": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction"], "description": "附近或联动游览景点"}, "HAS_ENTRANCE": {"source": ["ScenicArea"], "target": ["Attraction"], "description": "景区具有某入口或门区，目标 Attraction.category=entrance_gate"}, "NEARBY_SERVICE": {"source": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction"], "target": ["Attraction"], "description": "景区、景点或入口附近存在官方材料明确推荐的服务地点，目标 Attraction.category=nearby_service"}, "HAS_ROUTE_SEGMENT": {"source": ["ScenicArea"], "target": ["RouteSegment"], "description": "景区拥有一段已知内部通行路段或候选路段，对应关系型模型 attraction_path"}, "USES_TRANSPORT_MODE": {"source": ["RouteSegment"], "target": ["TransportMode"], "description": "景区内部通行路段使用某种到达方式"}, "SEGMENT_STARTS_AT": {"source": ["RouteSegment"], "target": ["Attraction"], "description": "路线段起点，等价于 attraction_path.from_id"}, "SEGMENT_ENDS_AT": {"source": ["RouteSegment"], "target": ["Attraction"], "description": "路线段终点，等价于 attraction_path.to_id"}, "HAS_SCHEDULE": {"source": ["RouteSegment"], "target": ["PathSchedule"], "description": "观光车、摆渡船、索道等路段具有班次或开放时段"}, "SCENIC_PATH_TO": {"source": ["Attraction"], "target": ["Attraction"], "description": "景区内部景点之间可通行，对应 attraction_path 的快速查询边；关系属性保存 transport_mode/duration_min/duration_max/cost_fen/cost_text/is_bidirectional/segment_id。只存官方路线、实测或高价值相邻路段，任意两点通过图最短路计算"}, "HAS_SPECIALTY": {"source": ["Attraction", "ScenicArea"], "target": ["Specialty"], "description": "地点具有某类地方小吃、特产或体验"}, "NEAR_TRANSIT": {"source": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction"], "target": ["TransitFacility"], "description": "景区附近交通设施"}, "HAS_MEDIA": {"source": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction", "Facility"], "target": ["MediaAsset"], "description": "实体关联照片、视频或媒体"}, "MENTIONED_IN": {"source": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction", "Event", "Concept", "Statement"], "target": ["SourceDocument"], "description": "事实或实体来自某来源文档"}, "SAME_AS": {"source": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction", "Area"], "target": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction", "Area"], "description": "实体对齐关系，避免同一景点重复入图"}, "IN_H3_R9": {"source": ["ScenicArea", "Attraction", "Facility", "TransitFacility"], "target": ["GeoCell"], "description": "空间索引关系，用于附近召回"} }, "event_taxonomy": { "event_category": { "HISTORICAL": "历史事件：始建、更名、营造、重修、管理变迁、名人到访、居住创作、纪念事件", "HONOR": "荣誉认定：景区评级、文保认定、官方荣誉、保护名录", "CULTURAL": "文化活动：节庆、演艺、影视取景、展览、民俗活动", "NATURAL": "自然生态：季节景观、生态观测、水文/地质/气候观测", "OPERATIONAL": "运营维护：开闭园、维护停业、施工建设、运营调整", "TRANSPORTATION": "交通事件：交通开通、线路变化、接驳调整" }, "event_subtype": { "FOUNDING": {"category": "HISTORICAL", "label": "始建"}, "RENAMING": {"category": "HISTORICAL", "label": "更名"}, "CONSTRUCTION": {"category": "HISTORICAL", "label": "建设营造"}, "REBUILD": {"category": "HISTORICAL", "label": "重修扩建"}, "MANAGEMENT_CHANGE": {"category": "HISTORICAL", "label": "管理变更"}, "FAMOUS_VISIT": {"category": "HISTORICAL", "label": "名人到访"}, "RESIDENCE_OR_CREATION": {"category": "HISTORICAL", "label": "居住创作"}, "MEMORIAL": {"category": "HISTORICAL", "label": "纪念事件"}, "AWARD": {"category": "HONOR", "label": "荣誉评定"}, "PROTECTION_LISTED": {"category": "HONOR", "label": "文保认定"}, "FESTIVAL": {"category": "CULTURAL", "label": "节庆活动"}, "PERFORMANCE": {"category": "CULTURAL", "label": "演艺活动"}, "FILMING": {"category": "CULTURAL", "label": "影视取景"}, "EXHIBITION": {"category": "CULTURAL", "label": "展览活动"}, "CULTURAL_ACTIVITY": {"category": "CULTURAL", "label": "文化活动"}, "SEASONAL": {"category": "NATURAL", "label": "季节景观"}, "NATURAL_OBSERVATION": {"category": "NATURAL", "label": "自然观测"}, "MAINTENANCE": {"category": "OPERATIONAL", "label": "维护停业"}, "OPENING_OR_CLOSURE": {"category": "OPERATIONAL", "label": "开放闭园"}, "TRANSPORT_CHANGE": {"category": "TRANSPORTATION", "label": "交通变更"} }, "date_policy": { "occurred_at_text": "保留原文时间，例如“明崇祯十一年（1638年）”“1960年4月30日”", "start_time_norm": "规范开始时间字符串，允许 YYYY / YYYY-MM / YYYY-MM-DD", "end_time_norm": "规范结束时间字符串，区间事件才填写", "date_granularity": "year|month|day|range|unknown", "dynasty_century": "能从中文纪年或年份判断时填写 dynasty/century，便于按朝代/世纪查询" }, "details_policy": { "AWARD": ["award_name", "awarded_by_name", "award_level", "batch"], "FAMOUS_VISIT": ["visitor_names", "visit_purpose", "work_produced"], "RESIDENCE_OR_CREATION": ["person_names", "work_produced", "residence_reason"], "FILMING": ["work_title", "work_type", "director_names", "actor_names", "release_year"], "FESTIVAL": ["recurrence", "organizer_names", "expected_visitors"], "NATURAL_OBSERVATION": ["measured_metric", "measured_value", "measured_unit"], "MAINTENANCE": ["maintenance_reason", "affected_areas", "fully_closed"] }, "storage_policy": "底层统一存 Event 节点和属性；若图数据库支持多 Label，可额外打 Event/HISTORICAL/FAMOUS_VISIT 等标签作为索引优化，但业务查询不得只依赖多 Label。" }, "scenic_route_network_policy": { "purpose": "解决游客在景区内部从一个景点/入口/服务点到另一个景点/入口/服务点的到达方式、耗时、费用和路线查询；逻辑模型为 ScenicArea -> Attraction -> RouteSegment/AttractionPath", "not_for": "城市级附近 POI 召回。附近餐饮、酒店、医疗等仍由 H3/PostGIS/高德 POI 体系处理", "node_rule": "路径端点统一使用 Attraction。入口、自然景观、文化点、码头、观景台、官方推荐服务点等用 Attraction.category/spot_type 区分，不再让 attraction_path.from/to 指向多个不同表", "edge_rule": "不全量两两生成 SCENIC_PATH_TO，只保存文本明确给出、官方导览图标注、运营人员实测或高频推荐需要的相邻/高价值路段", "transport_mode_values": ["walk", "sightseeing_bus", "shuttle_boat", "cableway", "elevator", "escalator", "bike", "other"], "cost_rule": "费用用 cost_fen 保存整数分；免费或门票内包含可 cost_fen=0 并标记 cost_in_ticket=true；展示使用 cost_text", "attraction_ticket_rule": "景点若存在单独收费，写入 extra_ticket_fen/extra_ticket_text；若包含在景区大门票内，extra_ticket_fen=0 且 ticket_included=true；未知不要编造", "schedule_rule": "步行路径通常不建 PathSchedule；观光车、摆渡船、索道等有固定时刻或间隔发车时建立 PathSchedule，schedule_type=fixed|interval", "direction_rule": "上下坡、单行观光车、摆渡船航线等不对称路径必须 is_bidirectional=false，并分别存正反向路段", "season_rule": "季节性交通方式使用 season_start/season_end 保存开放月份", "query_rule": "用户问 A 到 B 时，先做实体对齐，再在 SCENIC_PATH_TO/RouteSegment 路网中按 duration_min 或 distance_m 求最短路径；没有实测边时再回退到地图路径规划", "route_segment_rule": "SCENIC_PATH_TO 用于快速查询，RouteSegment 用于保存路线几何、分步说明、来源、实测时间、费用和维护版本" }, "controlled_event_types": [ "ConstructionEvent", "RenamingEvent", "OpeningEvent", "ManagementChangeEvent", "ProtectionEvent", "HonorAwardEvent", "VisitEvent", "HistoricalRecordEvent", "MemorialEvent", "EcologyEvent", "DevelopmentEvent", "TransportationEvent" ], "controlled_concept_types": [ "NaturalEcology", "HistoryCulture", "RedTourism", "ReligiousCulture", "EthnicCulture", "NightTour", "ParentChild", "OutdoorHiking", "KarstLandform", "WaterLandscape", "AncientTown", "UrbanLeisure", "ScienceEducation" ], "statement_predicate_policy": { "allowed_core_predicates": [ "HAS_ADDRESS", "HAS_OPENING_HOURS", "HAS_TICKET_PRICE", "HAS_SCENIC_LEVEL", "HAS_AREA", "HAS_CLIMATE", "HAS_REPUTATION", "HAS_SUGGESTED_DURATION", "HAS_BEST_SEASON", "HAS_ALTITUDE", "HAS_PROTECTION_LEVEL", "HAS_HONOR", "FORMER_NAME", "HAS_ALIAS", "HAS_SOURCE_URL", "HAS_PHOTO_URL", "HAS_FARE", "HAS_DURATION", "HAS_ROUTE_DISTANCE", "HAS_ENTRANCE", "NEARBY_SERVICE", "HAS_ROUTE_SEGMENT", "USES_TRANSPORT_MODE", "SEGMENT_STARTS_AT", "SEGMENT_ENDS_AT", "HAS_SCHEDULE", "SCENIC_PATH_TO", "HAS_SPECIALTY" ], "new_predicate_rule": "LLM 可以提出 proposal 谓词，但必须进入 schema_gaps，不得直接污染正式图谱关系名" }, "extraction_output_contract": { "required_top_level_keys": ["entities", "events", "concepts", "relations", "statements", "media_assets", "schema_gaps", "quality"], "id_policy": "ID 使用稳定英文前缀，如 scenic_huaxi_park、sub_huaxi_baibu_bridge、evt_huaxi_1937_build；入库前还要做 Entity Alignment", "evidence_policy": "每个候选至少包含 evidence_quote；若来自百度百科，还要带 source_url 和 source_section" } }